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Geology and geomorphology of himachal Pradesh

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Himachal Pradesh with its complex geological structures presents a complicated topography with intricate mosaic of mountains ranges, hills and valleys. Composed of recent Alluvium, Shiwalik hills are made up of rocks such as sandstone, shale and clay that came into existence during the Eocene, Miocene and Pliocene period. The central part that extends from Chamba district in the north to Shimla district in the south is mainly represented by Jatog group of rocks which originated in middle Proterozoic period. In the north eastern portion unclassified Granites borders the central part in between Kullu, eastern Shimla, LahaulSpiti and parts of Kinnaur district. The eastern greater Himalaya presents the Triassic formation which is found in Kaza tehsil of LahaulSpiti district. The oldest rocks are Granites found at Jeori-Wangtu and Bandel near Largi in Kullu district. These granites date back to a stage of the crust at a time when India was located 8000 Km southwest of its present position.

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